There is a greater demand for smaller hydrocarbons than larger ones. Cracking produces smaller alkanes and alkenes. These processes break covalent bonds in the molecules, causing thermal decomposition reactions. passed over a catalyst of silica or alumina. Fractions containing large hydrocarbon molecules are heated to vaporise them. This is where cracking comes in.Ĭracking allows large hydrocarbon molecules to be broken down into smaller, more useful hydrocarbon molecules. Crude oil often contains too many large hydrocarbon molecules and not enough small hydrocarbon molecules to meet demand. Fuels made from oil mixtures containing large hydrocarbon molecules are not efficient as they do not flow easily and are difficult to ignite.
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